Pūnāwai ʻauʻau

Nā loina
Nā Kūlana a me nā noi

Nā Kūlana Lux Lighting Pool, Nā Kūlana a me ke alakaʻi alakaʻi

ʻAʻohe mea no ka hoʻokomo ʻana i ka wai ʻauʻau hou a i ʻole ka mālama ʻana i kēia manawa, ʻo ke kukui kahi ʻāpana koʻikoʻi.He mea koʻikoʻi ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi pae lux kūpono no ka ʻauʻau a i ʻole ke kikowaena wai no ka mea ʻike pono nā poʻe ʻauʻau a me nā kaʻa kiaʻi i luna a i lalo paha.Inā hoʻolālā ʻia ka loko a i ʻole ke kahua pāʻani no nā hoʻokūkū ʻoihana e like me nā 'Olumepika a i ʻole FINA World Swimming Championships, e ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka mālamalama, no ka mea, pono e mālama ʻia ka pae lux ma kahi o 750 a 1000 lux.Hāʻawi kēia ʻatikala iā ʻoe i kahi alakaʻi maikaʻi loa e pili ana i ka hoʻomālamalama ʻana i ka wai ʻauʻau, a pehea e koho ai i nā luminaires i hōʻuluʻulu ʻia i nā lula.

1. Lux (Brightness) Level of Swimming Pool Lighting ma nā ʻāpana like ʻole

ʻO ka ʻanuʻu mua o ka hoʻolālā kukui wai ʻauʻau e nānā i ke koi pae lux.

Nā Wahi ʻAuʻau	Nā Papa Lux
Pool Private a i ʻole Aupuni	200 a 500 lux
Kikowaena Aquatic Competition (I loko o loko) / ʻAuʻau 'Olumepika	500 a 1200 lux
4K hoʻolaha	> 2000 lux
Wai aʻo	200 a 400 lux
Wahi Nānā	150 lux
lumi hoʻololi a me ka lumi ʻauʻau	150 a 200 lux
Ala ʻauʻau	250 lux
Keena Waihona Klorine	150 lux
Waihona Lako (Heat Pump)	100 lux

E like me kā mākou e ʻike ai mai ka papa ʻaina ma luna, ʻo ke koi kukui IES no ka wai ʻauʻau leʻaleʻa he approx.500 lux, ʻoiai ke piʻi aʻe ke kūlana olinolino i 1000 a 1200 lux no ke kikowaena wai hoʻokūkū.Pono ka waiwai lux kiʻekiʻe no ka ʻauʻau ʻauʻau ʻoihana no ka mea ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kukui kukui no ka hoʻolaha ʻana a me ka paʻi kiʻi.ʻO ia hoʻi, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ke kumukūʻai o ke kukui ʻauʻau no ka mea pono mākou e kau i nā luminaires hou aʻe ma ke kaupaku e hāʻawi i ka mālamalama kūpono.
Ma waho aʻe o ka loko wai, pono mākou e mālama i ka mālamalama kūpono no ka poʻe nānā.Wahi a IES mau lula hou, ʻo ka pae lux o ka ʻauʻau ʻauʻau wahi mākaʻikaʻi ma kahi o 150 lux.Ua lawa kēia pae no ka heluhelu ʻana o ka poʻe i ka kikokikona ma ka noho.Ma waho aʻe, ʻike ʻia nā wahi ʻē aʻe e like me ka lumi hoʻololi, aisle a me ka hale kūʻai kemika he haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa.ʻO ia ke kumu e hoʻonāukiuki ai ka poʻe ʻauʻau ʻauʻau a i ʻole ke koʻokoʻo o ke kukui pae lux makapō.
2. ʻEhia Watt o nā kukui e pono iaʻu e hoʻomālamalama i ka loko ʻauʻau?

Ma hope o ka nānā ʻana i ka pae lux o ke kukui, ʻaʻole paha mākou i ʻike i ka nui o nā ʻāpana a i ʻole ka mana o nā kukui e pono ai mākou.ʻO ka lawe ʻana i ka wai ʻauʻau ʻOlumepika i laʻana.No ka mea, ʻo 50 x 25 = 1250 sq. mika ka nui o ka loko, pono mākou i 1250 sq. mika x 1000 lux = 1,250,000 lumens e hoʻomālamalama i nā ala 9.No ka mea ʻo ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻomālamalama ʻana o kā mākou mau kukui LED ma kahi o 140 lumens per watt, ʻo ka mana i manaʻo ʻia o ke kukui ʻauʻau wai = 1,250,000/140 = 8930 watt.Eia naʻe, ʻo kēia wale nō ka waiwai theoretically.Pono mākou i ka mana hou o ke kukui no ka noho mākaʻikaʻi a me ka wahi e puni ana i ka wai ʻauʻau.I kekahi manawa, pono mākou e hoʻohui ma kahi o 30% a 50% hou aʻe watts i nā kukui e hoʻokō ai i ka pono kukui ʻauʻau IES.
3.Pehea e pani ai i ke kukui ʻauʻau?

I kekahi manawa makemake mākou e hoʻololi i ka halide metala, ka mahu mercury a i ʻole nā kukui kahe halogen i loko o ka wai ʻauʻau.He nui nā palena o nā kukui halide metala e like me ke ola haʻahaʻa a me ka manawa mahana wela.Inā ʻoe e hoʻohana ana i nā kukui halide metala, e ʻike ʻoe he 5 a 15 mau minuke a hiki i ka ʻōlinolino piha.Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole ia ka hihia ma hope o ka hoʻololi ʻana o LED.Hiki i kou loko ʻauʻau ke hōʻea i ka mālamalama kiʻekiʻe ma hope koke o ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā kukui.

No ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā kukui wai, ʻo kekahi o nā mea nui e noʻonoʻo ai ʻo ia ka mana like o ka metal halide, a i ʻole kāu mau kukui uila.No ka laʻana, hiki i kā mākou kukui LED 100 watt ke pani i ka halide metala 400W, a ua like kā mākou 400W LED me 1000W MH.Ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke kukui hou e like me ka lumen & lux puka ʻana, ʻaʻole e ʻālohilohi loa ka loko wai a i ʻole ka noho mākaʻikaʻi.Ma waho aʻe, ʻo ka hoʻemi ʻana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka mana e mālama i nā tona o ke kumukūʻai uila o ka wai ʻauʻau.

ʻO kekahi mea e hoʻoikaika ai i ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana i nā kukui wai ʻauʻau i LED ʻo ia ka hiki iā mākou ke mālama i ka ikehu 75%.No ka mea, he 140 lm/W kā mākou LED.Ma lalo o ka hoʻohana mana like, hoʻopuka nā LED i nā kukui ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o ka metal halide, halogen a i ʻole nā mea hoʻonā kukui maʻamau.

4. Ka Mahana kala & CRI o ke kukui Pool

He mea nui ka waihoʻoluʻu o nā kukui i loko o ka loko ʻauʻau, hōʻuluʻulu ka papa ma lalo i ka mahana kala i ʻōlelo ʻia ma nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole.

ʻAno ʻauʻau	Koi mahanahana kala	CRI	Nā Manaʻo
ʻAi Leʻaleʻa / ʻAi Aupuni	4000K	70	No ka ʻauʻau ʻana e mālama ana i nā hoʻokūkū kīwī ʻole.4000K palupalu a ʻoluʻolu ke ʻike.ʻO ke kala māmā e like me kā mākou e ʻike ai i ke kakahiaka.
Pool Competition (Televised)	5700K	>80 (R9 >80)	No nā hoʻokūkū honua e like me nā 'Olumepika a me nā hanana FINA.
Hoʻopilikino ʻia	7500K	>80	Ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke kukui 7500K, lilo ka wai i ʻulaʻula, kahi mea maikaʻi i ka lehulehu.

Paipai ʻia nā huahana

Nā Kūlana kukui ʻauʻau

Nā kūlana kukui no ka ʻauʻau ʻana, ka luʻu ʻana, ka polo wai, a me nā wahi ʻauʻau like ʻole

Papa

E hoʻohana i ka hana

Ka mālamalama (lx)

ʻO ka like ʻana o ka mālamalama

Puna Māmā

Evmin

Evmax

Uvmin

Uvmax

Tcp(K)

Hoʻomaʻamaʻa a me nā hana leʻaleʻa

200

–

0.3

–

≥65

–

Hoʻokūkū hoʻokūkū, hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻoihana

300

0.3

0.5

≥65

≥4000

III

ʻoihana hoʻokūkū

500

0.4

0.6

≥65

≥4000

Hoʻolaha ka TV i nā hoʻokūkū aupuni a me ka honua

–

1000

750

0.5

0.7

0.4

0.6

0.3

0.5

≥80

≥4000

Hoʻolaha ka TV i nā hoʻokūkū nui, nā hoʻokūkū honua

–

1400

1000

0.6

0.8

0.5

0.7

0.3

0.5

≥80

≥4000

HDTV hoʻolaha nui, hoʻokūkū honua

–

2000

1400

0.7

0.8

0.6

0.7

0.4

0.6

≥90

≥5500

–

TV pilikia

–

750

–

0.5

0.7

0.3

0.5

–

≥80

≥4000

ʻŌlelo:

1. Pono e pale i ka malamalama maoli a me ka malamalama maoli i ikeia e ka ili o ka wai i mea e hoolohilohi ai i na mea ha'uki, na luna hooponopono, na kamera a me na mea nana.
2. ʻAʻole emi ka reflectance o nā paia a me ke kaupaku ma lalo o 0.4 a me 0.6, a ʻo ka reflectance o ka lalo o ka loko wai ʻaʻole pono e emi ma lalo o 0.7.
3. Pono e hō'oia i ka 2 mika ka wahi a puni ka wai 'au'au, a ua lawa ka malamalama o ka 1 mika ki'eki'e.
4. Pono nā koina o ka papa V Ra a me ka Tcp o nā wahi waho me ka papa VI.
Hoʻomālamalama kū pololei o ka ʻauʻau (waiwai mālama)

Ka mamao pana 25m 75m 150m

ʻAno A 400lux 560lux 800lux
Lakiō kukui a me ke kūlike

Ehaverage: Evave = 0.5 ~ 2 (No ka mokulele kuhikuhi)
Evmin : Evmax ≥0.4 (No ka mokulele kuhikuhi)
Ehmin : Ehmax ≥0.5 (No ka mokulele kuhikuhi)
Evmin: Evmax ≥0.3 (ʻEhā mau kuhikuhi no kēlā me kēia kiko kiko)
ʻŌlelo:

1. Hōʻike manaʻo glare UGR<50 no waho wale nō,
2. Wahi nui (PA): 50m x 21m (8 ala ʻauʻau), a i ʻole 50m x 25m (10 ala ʻauʻau), wahi palekana, 2 mika ākea a puni ka wai ʻauʻau.
3. Māhele Hui Pū ʻIa (TA): 54m x 25m (a i ʻole 29m).
4. Aia kahi loko luʻu ma kahi kokoke, ʻo ka mamao ma waena o nā wahi ʻelua he 4.5 mika.

II Ke ala e kau ai i na kukui

ʻO nā keʻena ʻauʻau a me nā keʻena luʻu i loko e noʻonoʻo mau i ka mālama ʻana i nā kukui a me nā kukui, a ʻaʻole i hoʻonohonoho i nā kukui a me nā kukui ma luna o ka ʻili wai, ke ʻole he ala mālama mālama ʻia ma luna o ka ʻili wai.No nā wahi ʻaʻole makemake i ka hoʻolaha TV, hoʻopuehu pinepine ʻia nā kukui ma lalo o ke kaupaku i hoʻokuʻu ʻia, ka hale a i ʻole ma ka paia ma waho o ka wai.No nā wahi e pono ai ka hoʻolaha TV, hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā kukui i kahi hoʻonohonoho māmā, ʻo ia hoʻi, ma luna o nā ʻauʻau wai ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua.Hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā ala lio lōʻihi ma luna o nā kapa wai ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua.Eia kekahi, pono e hoʻonoho i ka nui kūpono o nā kukui ma lalo o ke kahua luʻu a me ka punawai e hoʻopau i ke aka i hana ʻia e ka paepae luʻu a me ka punawai, a nānā i ka wai hoʻomehana haʻuki luʻu.

(A) kahua pōpeku waho

Pono e hoʻoikaika ʻia ʻaʻole e hoʻonohonoho ka haʻuki luʻu i nā kukui ma luna o ka wai luʻu, inā ʻaʻole e ʻike ʻia kahi kiʻi aniani o nā kukui i loko o ka wai, e hoʻopilikia i nā mea pāʻani a pili i kā lākou hoʻoholo a me ka hana.

ʻAuʻau5

Eia kekahi, ma muli o nā hiʻohiʻona ʻokoʻa o ka wai wai, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ka mālama ʻana i ka mālamalama o ka wai ʻauʻau ma mua o nā ʻano wahi ʻē aʻe, a he mea nui hoʻi ia.

a) E hoʻomalu i ka ʻālohilohi i ʻike ʻia o ka ʻili wai ma o ka hoʻomalu ʻana i ke kihi projection o ke kukui.ʻO ka ʻōlelo maʻamau, ʻaʻole ʻoi aku ka nui o ka huina o nā kukui i loko o ka hale haʻuki ma mua o 60 °, a ʻo ka huina o nā kukui i loko o ka wai ʻauʻau ʻaʻole ʻoi aku ma mua o 55 °, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o 50 °.ʻOi aku ka nui o ka huina o ka mālamalama, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka mālamalama i ʻike ʻia mai ka wai.

ʻAʻau ʻauʻau15

b) Nā hana hoʻomalu ʻālohilohi no ka poʻe haʻuki luʻu.No ka poʻe haʻuki luʻu, ʻo 2 mika mai ka papa luʻu a me 5 mau mika mai ka papa luʻu a hiki i ka ʻili wai, ʻo ia ka wahi holoʻokoʻa holoʻokoʻa o ka mea hoʻokūkū luʻu.Ma kēia wahi, ʻaʻole ʻae ʻia nā kukui o ke kahua e ʻoluʻolu ʻole i nā mea pāʻani.

c) E hoʻomalu pono i ka ʻālohilohi i ka pahupaʻikiʻi.ʻO ia hoʻi, ʻaʻole pono e ʻike ʻia ke kukui ma ka ʻili o ka wai mālie i ke kahua o ka ʻike o ka pahu pahu nui, a ʻaʻole pono e kuhikuhi ʻia ke kukui i hoʻokuʻu ʻia e ke kukui i ke kāmela paʻa.ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi inā ʻaʻole ia e hoʻomālamalama pololei i ka ʻāpana 50 ° i hoʻokumu ʻia i ke kāmela paʻa.

Wai ʻauʻau13

d) E mālama pono i ka ʻālohilohi i hana ʻia e ke kiʻi aniani o nā kukui i loko o ka wai.No nā keʻena ʻauʻau a me ka luʻu e pono ai ka hoʻolaha TV, he wahi nui ka hale hoʻokūkū.Hoʻohana maʻamau nā kukui uila i nā kukui halide metala ma luna o 400W.Kiʻekiʻe loa ka ʻōlinolino o kēia mau kukui i ka wai.Inā ʻike ʻia lākou i nā mea haʻuki, nā luna hoʻoponopono, a me nā mea nānā kiʻi kiʻi i loko, e hoʻomālamalama nā mea a pau, e pili ana i ka maikaʻi o ka pāʻani, ke nānā ʻana i ka pāʻani a me ka hoʻolaha. ʻAuʻau 4